World War II had a big influence on how people dressed in the 1940s. Keep reading to see what men and women wore during this time—and maybe find some fashion inspiration too.
Style with Purpose: Fashion During Wartime
Fashion in the 1940s was deeply affected by World War II (1939–1945). With materials in short supply and fabric rationing in place, clothing had to be practical. Even so, people still wanted to look stylish whenever they could, using fashion as a way to escape the harsh reality of war.
This outfit, featuring trousers, a fair isle-print Rosemary cardigan, and Robbie boots inspired by 1940s military footwear, reflects that blend of function and flair.
"Make Do and Mend"
With many men away at war, women began working in jobs they hadn’t done before. This shift made pants more acceptable for women to wear every day. Jumpsuits and overalls became common, especially for factory or farm work. Clothes were made from sturdy fabrics like wool, cotton, or rayon, since silk was needed for things like parachutes.
Fair isle knits, like my Rosemary cardigan, was a great way to use left over yarn to create both beautiful and practical pieces of clothing.
People had to get creative due to rationing. They patched up or repurposed old clothes, women shortened skirts to save fabric, and made accessories from leftover scraps. Things like ribbons, buttons, and even telephone wires were turned into fashion statements. Hats, in particular, showed a lot of personal flair and imagination and could be made from very little.
Military uniforms also influenced fashion. Sharp shoulders and clean, tailored lines became trendy, with shoulder pads helping to create a strong, structured silhouette.
Even in tough times, women found ways to stay stylish. Hair and makeup were a way to show resilience and hope. On special occasions, women wore elegant evening gowns with touches of glamour, like pearls or brooches.
1940s upper-class women's fashion
Even upper-class women had to adapt during the war, but they still managed to dress elegantly. Styles became more tailored and structured. Dresses made under rationing rules were usually simple, with practical touches like pockets and modest necklines.
For formal events, upper-class women wore A-line skirts and fitted jackets made from materials like velvet or taffeta (if they could get them). Accessories such as fur wraps, pearls, and fancy hats added a touch of luxury. Hairstyles were often soft curls or neat updos.
The "New Look" After the War
After the war ended in 1945, fashion changed dramatically. In 1947, Christian Dior introduced the famous “New Look,” which was the opposite of wartime styles. It featured full skirts, tiny waists, and rounded shoulders. At a time when many were still recovering from the war, the extravagant use of fabric felt bold—but to many, it represented a return to beauty and normal life.
An original 1940s walking suit that reflects this style, with its cinched waist, fuller hips, and feminine details. My Esther pumps complete the look with classic 1940s flair.
Women's Footwear in the 1940s
Shoes were rationed too, so they had to be long-lasting. With leather in short supply, people used cork, wood, or even animal hide as substitutes. Oxford shoes were a staple for both men and women. Pumps were also popular for women. After the war, high heels and more glamorous shoe designs returned—think peep-toe sandals and dressy evening shoes.
My Emily Oxfords are based on classic 1940s designs, with a sturdy heel, rounded toe, and vintage cut-outs.
Men’s Fashion in the 1940s
Men’s clothing was also influenced by the war. Many wore uniforms, and civilian suits became simpler to conserve fabric. Trousers were high-waisted with straight or slightly tapered legs. Hats—especially fedoras—were still popular, and casual items like sweaters and sports jackets became more common.
Working-Class Men’s Clothing in the 1940s
Working men typically wore practical outfits: sturdy pants or overalls with button-down shirts or jackets made from wool, denim, or cotton. Boots or durable shoes were standard. Military styles, like khaki pants and field jackets, became part of everyday wear. Sweater vests, often handmade from leftover yarn, were also popular.
A 1940's working class mens outfit, with the influence of the military uniforms, paired with my 1940's inspired military boots, Robbie.
Upper-Class Men’s Fashion in the 1940s
Wealthier men wore suits, although wartime restrictions made them simpler. After the war, suits had broad shoulders, narrower waists, and a clean, fitted look. Fabrics like wool or tweed were common, and colors tended to be neutral—navy, brown, or grey. For formal occasions, tuxedos with stylish lapels, bow ties, and cufflinks were the norm.
Men's 1940's shoes and boots
With the outbreak of World War II, many men were drafted or enlisted, and military-issued boots became standard for soldiers. These combat boots were sturdy, lace-up, and built to endure rough conditions. The design of military footwear had a lasting influence, even on civilian shoes. After the war, many returning soldiers continued wearing their service boots, and military-inspired styles remained popular well into the decade.
At home, due to rationing and material shortages, shoes had to be made with function in mind. Leather was limited, so alternatives like rubber soles and synthetic materials were often used. Shoes were built to last rather than to follow trends.
Robbie is a classic 1940s boot, inspired by the military boots from World War 2 and features full grain leather and a rubber sole. It's a unisex boot, and comes in both brown and black for both men and women.
Want More Vintage Style?
If you're curious about the next fashion chapter, check out our guide to 1950s fashion in the article 1950’s fashion | How did people dress in the 1950s?
Or, if you’re a shoe lover, you might enjoy reading about the Pompadour Heel.
Sources:
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Shoes – An Illustrated Story by Rebecca Shawcross
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Tidens Mode by Anne-Grete Steckhahn
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Vintage Fashion – Collecting and Wearing Designer Classics by Emma Baxter-Wright et al.
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Vintage Shoes by Caroline Cox